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Selected Publications

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Books

2022 Traugott, Elizabeth Closs. Discourse Structuring Markers in English. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
2022 Traugott, Elizabeth Closs. Ten lectures on a Diachronic Constructionalist Approach to Discourse Structuring Markers. Leiden: Brill.
2013 Elizabeth Closs Traugott and Graeme TrousdaleConstructionalization and Constructional Changes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2005 Laurel Brinton and Elizabeth Closs Traugott. Lexicalization and Language Change. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Japanese trans. by Sukenari Hino, Tokyo: Kyushu University Press, 2009; Chinese trans. Luo Yaohua, Zheng Youjie, Fan Chengcheng and Chai Yanyan, Beijing: Commercial Press, 2013.
2003 Paul Hopper and Elizabeth Closs Traugott, Grammaticalization. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press (substantially revised and enlarged second edition).
2002 Elizabeth Closs Traugott and Richard B. DasherRegularity in Semantic Change. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
1993 Paul Hopper and Elizabeth Closs Traugott, Grammaticalization. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Japanese trans. by Sukenari Hino, Tokyo: Kyushu University Press (2003); translated into Chinese by Yinfeng Liang, Shanghai: Xue lin chu ban she (2006).
1980 Elizabeth Closs Traugott and Mary L. PrattLinguistics for Students of Literature. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, Inc.
1972 A History of English Syntax. New York: Holt, Rinehart,and Winston.

Edited Volumes

2012 Terttu Nevalainen and Elizabeth Closs Traugott, eds. The Oxford Handbook of the History of English. New York: Oxford University Press.
2010 Elizabeth Closs Traugott and Graeme Trousdale, eds. Gradience, Gradualness, and Grammaticalization. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
1991 Elizabeth Closs Traugott and Bernd Heine, eds., Approaches to Grammaticalization, 2 Vols. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
1986 Elizabeth Closs Traugott, Alice ter Meulen, Judith Snitzer Reilly, and Charles A. Ferguson, eds., On Conditionals. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
1985 Suzanne Romaine and Elizabeth Closs Traugott, eds., Papers from the Workshop on Sociohistorical Linguistics. Folia Linguistica Historica.
1980 Elizabeth Closs Traugott, Rebecca La Brum, and Susan Shepherd,eds., Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Historical Linguistics. Amsterdam: Benjamins.

Selected Articles 

2023 On the rise of a marker of disaffiliation from Others’ discourse. In Caroline Gentens, Lobke Ghesquière, William B. McGregor & An Van linden, eds., Reconnecting Form and Meaning. In Honour of Kristin Davidse, 99-122. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
2021a “A constructional perspective on the rise of metatextual discourse markers”. Cadernos de Linguistica 2(1):1-25.
2021b “Is back to my point a pragmatic marker? An inquiry into the historical development of some metatextual discourse management markers”. In Josep Martines, Susana Rodríguez, and Jordi Antolí, eds., Special issue 2020 on context and linguistic change, Catalan Journal of Linguistics, 13-29.
2021c “The rise of a concessive “category reassessment” construction: But fear all the same”. In Irma Taavitsainen and Jonathan Culpeper, eds., Historical Pragmatics Today: Articles in Honor of Andreas H. Jucker. Special issue of Journal of Historical Pragmatics 22(2): 164-179.
2020a The development of “digressive discourse-topic shift markers in English”. In Benjamin Fagard and Michel Charolles, eds., Topic Shifters in a Contrastive Perspective, Special issue, Journal of Pragmatics 156: 121-135.
2020b (Eva Zehentner and Elizabeth Closs Traugott) “Constructional networks and the development of benefactive ditransitives in English”. In Elena Smirnova and Lotte Sommerer, eds., Nodes and Links in the Network: Advances in Diachronic Construction Grammar, 168-211. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
2020c (Fangqiong Zhan and Elizabeth Closs Traugott). “A study of the development of the Chinese comparative correlative construction from the perspective of constructionalization”. Diachronica 37(1): 83-126.
2020d Expressions of stance-to-text: Discourse management markers as stance markers”. In Gunther Kaltenböck, María José López-Couso and Belén Méndez-Naya, eds., Investigating Stance Constructions in English: Synchrony and Diachrony, Special issue Language Sciences. Published online October 8th. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2020.101329
2020e The intertwining of differentiation and attraction as exemplified by the history of recipient transfer and benefactive alternations”. Cognitive Linguistics 31(4): 549-578.
2019a Whither historical pragmatics?: A cognitively oriented perspective”. Journal of Pragmatics 145: 25-30.
2019b Are comparative modals converging in English? Different answers from the perspectives of grammaticalisation and constructionalization”. In Nuria Yáñez-Bouza, Emma Moore, Linda van Bergen and Willem B. Hollmann, eds., Categories, Constructions, and Change in English Syntax, 105-129. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2019c (Fangqiong Zhan and Elizabeth Closs Traugott) “The Development of the shì Copula Construction; A constructional perspective”. Functions of Language 26(2): 139-176.
2019d “Precursors of work on grammaticalization and constructionalization in Directions for Historical Linguistics”. In Hans Boas and Marc Pierce, eds., New Directions in Historical Linguistics, 132-152. Leiden: Brill.
2019e “Constructional pattern-development in language change”. In Beatrix Busse and Ruth Möhlig-Falke, eds., Patterns in Language and Linguistics: New Perspectives on a Ubiquitous Concept, 125-156. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
2018a Rethinking the role of invited inferencing in change from the perspective of interactional texts”. In Oliver Ehmer and Malte Rosemeyer, eds., special issue on inferences in interaction and language change, Open Linguistics 4(1): 19-34.
2018b Modeling language change with constructional networks”. In Pons Bordería, Salvador and Óscar Loureda Lemos, eds. Beyond Grammaticalization and Discourse Markers: New Issues in the Study of Language Change, 17-50. Leiden: Brill.
2018c (Laurel Brinton and Elizabeth Closs Traugott) “Non-syntactic triggers of syntactic change”. In Adam Ledgeway and Ian Roberts, eds., The Cambridge Handbook of Historical Syntax, 556-577. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2017a Semantic change”. In Mark Aronoff, ed., Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. New York: Oxford University Press.
2017b Insubordination” in the light of the uniformitarian principle”. In Thomas Hoffmann and Alexander Bergs, eds., Special issue on cognitive approaches to the history of English, English Language and Linguistics 21(2): 289-310.
2017c “Low salience as an enabling factor in morphosyntactic change”. In Marianne Hundt, Simone Pfenninger, and Sandra Mollin, eds., The Changing English Language: Psycholinguistic Perspectives, 93-110. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2016a “Identifying micro-changes in a particular linguistic change-type: The case of subjectification”. In Päivi Pahta and Merja Kytö, eds., The Cambridge Handbook of English Historical Linguistics, 376-389. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2016b On the rise of types of clause final pragmatic markers in English”. Journal of Historical Pragmatics, 17 (1): 26-54.
2016c Do semantic modal maps have a role in a constructionalization approach to modals?” Constructions and Frames 8(1): 97-124. Bert Cappelle and Ilse Depraetere, eds., Special issue on modals and construction grammar.
2015a “Investigating ‘periphery’ from a functionalist perspective”. In Alexander Bergs, Abigail C. Cohn, and Jeff Good, eds., Linguistic Vanguard 1, 119-130. Berlin: De Gruyter.
2015b “Toward a Coherent Account of Grammatical Constructionalization”. Jóhanna Barðdal, Elena Smirnova, Lotte Sommerer, and Spike Gildea, eds. Diachronic Construction Grammar. 51-79. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
2015c Ah, pox o’ your Pad-lock”: Interjections in the Old Bailey Corpus 1720-1913. Journal of Pragmatics 68-73.
2015d (Fangqiong Zhan and Elizabeth Closs Traugott). The constructionalization of the Chinese cleft construction. Studies in Language 39: 459-491.
2014a "Toward a constructional framework for research on language change”. In Sylvie Hancil and Ekkehard König, eds., Grammaticalization—Theory and Data, 87-105. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
2014b (Elizabeth Closs Traugott and Graeme Trousdale) “Contentful constructionalization”. Journal of Historical Linguistics, 4: 256-283.
2014c “On the function of the epistemic adverbs surely and no doubt at the left and right peripheries of the clause”. In Kate Beeching and Ulrich Detges, eds., Discourse Functions at the Left and Right Periphery: Crosslinguistic Investigations of Language Use and Language Change, 72-91. Leiden: Brill.
2012a “On the persistence of ambiguous linguistic contexts over time: Implications for corpus research on micro-changes”, in Joybrato Mukherjee and Magnus Huber, ads., Corpus Linguistics and Variation in English: Theory and Description, 231-246. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
2012b “The status of onset contexts in analysis of micro-changes”, in Merja Kytö, ed., English Corpus Linguistics: Crossing Paths, 221-255. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
2012c “Intersubjectification and clause periphery”, in Lieselotte BremsLobke Ghesquière, and Freek Van de Velde, eds., Intersections of Intersubjectivity, special issue of English Text Construction 5: 7-28. (PDF)
2012d “Middle English: Pragmatics and discourse”, in Alexander Bergs and Laurel J. Brinton, eds., English Historical Linguistics of English: An International Handbook, HSK 34.1, 466-480. Berlin: de Gruyter Mouton.
2011a “Pragmatics and language change”, in Keith Allan and Kasia Jaszczolt, eds., The Cambridge Handbook of Pragmatics, 549-565. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (PDF)
2011b “Grammaticalization and (inter)subjectification”, in Hiroyuko Takada, Michi Shiina, and Noriko Onodera, eds., translated into Japanese by Hiroji Fukumoto. Introduction to Historical Pragmatics, 59-89. Tokyo: Taishukan.
2011c “Modality from a historical perspective”, in Ashwini Deo, ed. Language and Linguistics Compass 5: 381-396. Wiley-Blackwell.
2011d Chaofen Sun and Elizabeth Closs Traugott. “Grammaticalization and word order change”, in Heike Narrog and Bernd Heine, eds., Oxford Handbook of Grammaticalization, 378-388. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2010a Elizabeth Closs Traugott and Graeme Trousdale. “Gradience, gradualness and grammaticalization: How do they intersect?” in Elizabeth Closs Traugott and Graeme Trousdale, eds., Gradience, Gradualness, and Grammaticalization, 19-44. Amsterdam: Benjamins. (PDF)
2010b “Revisiting subjectification and intersubjectification”, in Kristin DavidseLieven Vandelanotte, and Hubert Cuyckens, eds., Subjectification, Intersubjectification and Grammaticalization, 29-70. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. (PDF)
2010c “Grammaticalization”, in Silvia Luraghi and Vit Bubenik, eds., Continuum Companion to Historical Linguistics, 269-283. London: Continuum Press. (PDF)
2010d “Dialogic contexts as motivations for syntactic change”, in Robert A. CloutierAnne Marie Hamilton-Brehm, and William Kretzschmar, eds., Variation and Change in English Grammar and Lexicon, 11-27. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. (PDF)
2010e “La linguistique: étude a l’aptitude au langage”, translated into French by Christine Pagnoulle. Special issue on The Humanities Today edited by Anders PetterssonDiogène 229-230: 31-51.
2009 ”Lexicalization and grammaticalization”, “Subjectification, intersubjectification, and grammaticalization”, Studies in Historical Linguistics 2: 241-271. Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Translated into Chinese by Chaofen Sun.
2008a "Grammaticalization, constructions and the incremental development of language: Suggestions from the development of degree modifiers in English", in Regine Eckardt, Gerhard Jäger, and Tonjes Veenstra, eds., Variation, Selection, Development--Probing the Evolutionary Model of Language Change. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 219-250. (PDF)
2008b "Grammatikalisierung, emergente Konstruktionen und der Begriff der 'Neuheit'", in Anatol Stefanowitsch and Kerstin Fischer, eds., Konstruktionsgrammatik II. Von der Konstruktion zur Grammatik. Translated by Arne Zeschel. Tuebingen: Stauffenburg, 5-32.
2008c "The state of English language studies: A linguistic perspective", in Marianne Thormaehlen, ed., English Now: Papers from the 20th IAUPE Conference in Lund , 199-225. Lund: Centre for Languages and Literature, Lund University.
2008d “Grammaticalization and Construction Grammar I, II”, Studies in Historical Linguistics 1: 235-264. Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Translated into Chinese by Chaofen Sun.
2008e "'All that he endeavoured to prove was...': On the emergence of grammatical constructions in dialogic contexts", in Robin Cooper and Ruth Kempson, eds., Language in Flux: Dialogue Coordination, Language Variation, Change and Evolution . London: Kings College Publications, 143-177. (PDF)
2007a Brinton, Laurel J. and Elizabeth Closs Traugott. "Lexicalization and grammaticalization all over again", in Joseph C. Salmons and Shannon Dubenion-Smith, eds., Historical Linguistics 2005: Selected Papers from the 17th International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Madison, Wisconsin, 31 July - 5 August 2005. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: Benjamins, 3-19.
2007b "Old English Left-dislocations: Their structure and information status", Folia Linguistica, 41:405-441.
2007c "The concepts of constructional mismatch and type-shifting from the perspective of grammaticalization", Cognitive Linguistics 18: 523-557.
2006a "Historical aspects of modality", in William Frawley, ed., The Expression of Modality, 107-139. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
2006b "The semantic development of scalar focus modifiers", in Ans van Kemenade and Bettelou Los, eds., Handbook on the History of English, 335-359. Oxford: Blackwell.
2006c Buchstaller, Isabelle and Elizabeth Closs Traugott. "The lady was demonyak: Historical aspects of adverb ALL". English Language and Linguistics 10:345-370.
2005 "Lexicalization and grammaticalization", in A. Cruse, F. Hundsnurscher, M. Job, P. R. Lutzeier, eds., Lexikologie/-Lexicology. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, Vol. 2: 1702-1712.
2004a "Historical pragmatics", in Laurence R. Horn and Gregory Ward,eds., Handbook of Pragmatics. Oxford: Blackwell, 538-561.
2004b "A critique of Levinson's view of Q- and M-inferences inhistorical pragmatics", Journal of Historical Pragmatics: 5:1-25.
2004c "Exaptation and grammaticalization", in Minoji Akimoto, ed.,Linguistic Studies Based on Corpora. Tokyo, Hituzi SyoboPublishing Co., 133-156. (PDF)
2004d "Le rôle de l'évolution des marqueurs discursifs dans une théorie de la grammaticalization", in M. M. Jocelyne Fernandez-Vest and Shirley Carter-Thomas, eds., Structure Informationallée et Particules Énonciatives: Essai de Typologie. Paris: L'Harmattan, 295-333. (Trans. by M. M. Jocelyne Fernandez-Vest of "The role of discourse markers in a theory of grammaticalization", paper presented at the 12th International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Manchester, UK, August 1995 (PDF)).
2003a "From subjectification tointersubjectification", in Raymond Hickey, ed., Motives forLanguage Change. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press,124-139.
2003b "Constructions in grammaticalization", in Brian D. Joseph andRichard D. Janda, eds., A Handbook of Historical Linguistics.Oxford: Blackwell, 624-647.
2003c "Semantic change", in William J. Frawley, ed.,International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, Vol. 2: 394-397.Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
2002 "From etymology to historical pragmatics", in Donka Minkova andRobert Stockwell, eds., Studying the History of the EnglishLanguage: Millennial perspectives. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter,19-49.
2000 Scott Schwenter and Elizabeth Closs Traugott, "Invokingscalarity: The development of in fact", Journal of Historical Pragmatics 1: 7-25.
1999a "In fiction, whose speech, whose vision?", in Rebecca S.Wheeler, ed., Language Alive in the Classroom. Westport, CN:Praeger, Greenwood Publishing Group, 167-177.
1999b "The role of pragmatics in a theory of semantic change", inJef Verschueren, ed., Pragmatics in 1998: Selected Papers from the6th International Pragmatics Conference, II. Antwerp:International Pragmatics Association, 93-102.
1998 Whitney Tabor and Elizabeth Closs Traugott. "Structural scopeexpansion and grammaticalization", in Anna Giacalone Ramat and Paul J.Hopper, eds., The Limits of Grammaticalization. Amsterdam:Benjamins, 227-270.
1997a "Unless and but conditionals: A historicalperspective", in Angeliki Athenasiadou and René Dirven, eds.,Conditionals Again. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 145-167.
1997b Rachel Nordlinger and Elizabeth Closs Traugott. "Scope andthe development of epistemic modality", English Language andLinguistics 1: 295-317.
1996 "Subjectification and the development of epistemic meaning: Thecase of promise and threaten", in Toril Swan and OlafJansen Westvik, eds., Modality in Germanic Languages. Berlin:Mouton de Gruyter, 185-210.
1995a "Subjectification in grammaticalization", in Dieter Stein and Susan Wright, eds., Subjectivity and Subjectivisation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 37-54.
1995b Scott Schwenter and Elizabeth Closs Traugott. "The semantic and pragmatic development of substitutive complex prepositions in English", in Andreas H. Jucker, ed., Historical Pragmatics. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 243-273.
1994 "Grammaticalization and lexicalization", in R.E. Asher and J.M.Y. Simpson, eds., The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. Pergamon Press, Vol. III, 1481-86. Repr. in Keith Brown and Jim Miller, eds., Concise Encyclopedia of Grammatical Categories. Oxford: Elsevier Science (1999).
1992a "Syntax", in Richard Hogg, ed., The Cambridge History of the English Language I; Old English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 168=289.
1992b "Semantics-pragmatics and textual analysis", Language and Style 22: 51-65 (1989).
1991a Elizabeth Closs Traugott and Ekkehard König. "The semantics-pragmatics of grammaticalization revisited", in Elizabeth C. Traugott and Bernd Heine, eds., Approaches to Grammaticalization. Amsterdam: Benjamins, Vol. I, 189-218.
1991b "Speech act verbs: A historical perspective", in Linda R. Waugh and Steven Rudy, eds., New Vistas in Grammar: Invariance and Variation, Amsterdam: Benjamins, 387-406.
1989a "On the rise of epistemic meanings in English: An example of subjectification in semantic change", Language 65: 31-55.
1989b "On meter in Auden's 'Streams'", in Paul Kiparsky and Gilbert Youmans, eds., Phonetics and Phonology I: Rhythm and Meter. San Diego: Academic Press, 291-304.
1988 "Pragmatic strengthening and grammaticalization", Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistic Society, 406-416.
1987 "Literacy and language change: the special case of speech act verbs", in Judith Langer, ed., Language, Literacy, and Culture: Issues of Society and Schooling. Norwood: Ablex, 11-27. Repr. inInterchange 18: 32-47 (1987).
1986a "On the origins of 'and' and 'but' connectives in English", inStudies in Language 10: 137-150.
1986b "'Conventional' and 'dead' metaphors revisited", in WolfgangPaprotté and René Dirven, eds., The Ubiquity ofMetaphor: Metaphor in Language and Thought, Amsterdam: Benjamins,17-56.
1985a "On conditionals", in John Haiman, ed., Iconicity inSyntax. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 289-307.
1985b Elizabeth Closs Traugott and Suzanne Romaine. "Some questionsfor the concept of 'style' in sociohistorical linguistics", in SuzanneRomaine and Elizabeth Closs Traugott, eds., Papers from theWorkshop on Sociohistorical Linguistics, Folia LinguisticaHistorica 6,1:7-39.
1985c John R. Rickford and Elizabeth Closs Traugott. "Symbol ofpowerlessness and degeneracy, or symbol of solidarity and truth?Paradoxical attitudes toward pidgins and creoles", in Sidney Greenbaum,ed., The English Language Today: Public Attitudes Toward theEnglish Language, London: Pergamon Press, 262-261.
1982a "From propositional to textual and expressive meanings; Somesemantic-pragmatic aspects of grammaticalization", in Winfred P.Lehmann and Yakov Malkiel, eds., Perspectives on HistoricalLinguistics. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 245-271.
1982b Ekkehard König and Elizabeth Closs Traugott. "Divergenceand apparent convergence in the development of 'Yet' and 'Still'", inM. Macaulay and R. D. Gensler, et al. eds., Proceedings of theEighth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistic Society,170-179.
1981 "The voice of varied linguistic and cultural groups in fiction: Some criteria for the use of language varieties in writing", in Marcia F. Whiteman, ed., Writing: The Nature, Development, and Teaching ofWritten Communication, Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum Associates, 1981,Vol. I:111-136.
1978 "On the expression of spatio-temporal relations in language", in Joseph H. Greenberg, Charles A. Ferguson, and Edith A. Moravcsik,eds., Universals of Human Language, Vol. III. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 369-400.
1977 "Natural semantax: Its role in the study of second language acquisition", in S. Pit Corder and Eddie Roulet, eds., The NotionsSimplification, Interlanguages, and Pidgins and their Relation to Second Language Pedagogy, Geneva: Droz, 132-162.
1976 "Pidgins, creoles, and the origins of Vernacular Black English", in Deborah Harrison and Thomas Trabasso, eds., BlackEnglish: A Seminar, Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum Associates, 57-93.
1974 "Explorations in linguistic elaboration: Language change, language acquisition, and the genesis of spatio-temporal terms", in John M. Anderson and Charles Jones, eds., Historical LinguisticsI, New York: American Elsevier, 263-314.
1973 "Le changement linguistique et sa relation a l'acquisition de la langue maternelle", Langages 32: 39-52.
1969a "Toward a Grammar of Syntactic Change", Lingua23:1-27; German trans. in Dieter Cherubim, ed., Sprachwandel:Reader zur diachronischen Sprachwissenschaft, Berlin: de Gruyter,1975.
1969b Elizabeth Closs Traugott and John Waterhouse. "Already and yet: A suppletive set of aspect-markers?", Journal of Linguistics 5: 287-304.
1965 Elizabeth Closs. Diachronic syntax and generative grammar. Language 41: 402-414. Revised version in a) C. Scott and J. Erickson, eds., Readings for the History of the English Language. Allyn and Bacon, 1968; b) D. Reibel and S. Schane, eds.,Modern Studies in English, Prentice-Hall, 1969; c) R. Lass, ed., Readings in the History of English, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1969; d) A. R. Keiler, ed., Reader in Historical and Comparative Linguistics, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1972.